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Causes

Causes of or contributors to ED shall include: 

Prescription medications (e.g. SSRIs, beta blockers, agonists of adrenergic receptors alpha-2, thiazides, hormone modulators, and 5α-reductase inhibitors)

Neurogenic disorders (for example, diabetic neuropathy, temporal lobe epilepsy, multiple sclerosis , Parkinson 's disease, multiple system atrophy) 

Cavernosal (e.g. Peyronie 's disease) disorders 

Hyperprolactinemia (for example, with a prolactinoma) 

Psychological causes: anxiety over success, stress and mental disorders 

Surgery (for instance radical prostatectomy) 

Aging: In men aged 60s it is four times more common than in men of their 40s. 

Kidney insufficiency 

Lifestyle habits, particularly smoking, which is a key risk factor for ED as it causes narrowing of the arteries.

Surgical intervention may remove anatomical structures necessary to install, damage nerves or interrupt blood supply for a variety of conditions. ED is a common complication of prostate cancer treatments, including prostatectomy and prostate destruction by external beam radiation, though the prostate gland itself is not required for an erection. In most cases, as far as inguinal hernia surgery is concerned, even in the absence of postoperative complications, surgical repair can lead to a recovery of the sexual life of people with preoperative sexual dysfunction, although in most cases it does not affect people with preoperative normal sexual life.

Because of both neurological and vascular compression disorders, ED may also be linked to bicycling. The probability of the increase seems around 1.7-fold. 

Concerns that the use of pornography can trigger ED in epidemiological studies have little support, according to a literature review in 2015.

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Lexicology

The Latin word impotentia coeundi defines basic inability to insert the penis into the vagina; it is now replaced often by more general terms, such as erectile dysfunction (ED). In medicine, the study of ED is protected by andrology, a sub-field of urology. Research indicates that ED is normal and it is estimated that at least sometimes approximately 40 percent of males experience ED-compatible symptoms.[48] The disorder is also often referred to as phallic impotence.[49] Priapism is its antonym, or opposite state

Pathophysiology

Penile erection is controlled by two mechanisms: the reflex erection achieved by rubbing the penile shaft directly, and the psychogenic erection achieved by sexual or emotional stimulation. The former includes the peripheral nerves and the lower portions of the spinal cord, while the latter contains the brain's limbic network. In both cases a successful and complete erection requires an intact neural system. Stimulation of the penile shaft by the nervous system contributes to nitric oxide (NO) secretion, which induces relaxation of the smooth muscles of the corpora cavernosa (the penis' main erectile tissue), and consequently penile erection. Furthermore, the maintenance of a healthy erectile system requires sufficient amounts of testosterone (producted by the testes) and an intact pituitary gland. Impotence can develop due to hormonal dysfunction, neural system disorders, lack of sufficient supply of penile blood or psychological issues, as can be seen from the mechanisms of a...

Symptoms

ED is defined by the frequent or persistent failure to obtain or sustain adequate rigidity erection to perform sexual activity. It is described as the "persistent or recurring inability to achieve and maintain sufficient rigidity in a penile erection to allow for satisfactory sexual activity for at least 3 months."  Psychological influence  Sometimes ED affects both men and their partners' emotional well-being. Many people do not seek treatment because they feel ashamed. Around 75% of diagnosed ED cases go untreated.